C&P#113: SPONSORS! + CBD for autism & cannabis for opioid use disorder
Rhode Island opens a safe drug consumption site
This week…
On autism, 3 studies & 2 reviews
Cannabis for opioid cravings & withdrawal
Suicidal ideation: the positive & negative effects of cannabis
Harms: more irregular heartbeats in cannabis users
A lot on harms in adolescents
Hello everyone,
Welcome to the 113th edition of Cannabinoids & the People, Lex Pelger’s free weekly digest of all the new cannabinoid science + assorted canna-news & psychedelic updates. On the cannabinoids, ask me anything.
Sponsorship News:
I’m opening up this newsletter to more sponsorship. Besides the top banner spot, I’m going to add a new mid-section ad above the psychedelics section. If this would be of interest to your business or organization, let me know.
Your ads would go out to the 6k+ subscribers, including many executives, healthcare practitioners & dedicated super-patients across the US & the EU. Most people find something of specific interest to themselves in each issue & the open rate is over 40%.
I’m starting with quite affordable rates & I’d be pleased to write your ads myself unless you want to submit your own copy. There’s also a 10% discount for buying in monthly blocks.
Overall, I want to keep developing this newsletter into a beneficial educational resource for anybody working on the medical or recreational side of this fascinating plant. The subscriber list continues to grow as I produce educational content on many platforms, speak at conferences & work hard at outreach on LinkedIn. If you work with cannabis, ‘Cannabinoids & the People’ is a strong outlet for getting your information in front of a dedicated audience.
If you know of a company or organization to recommend for this slot, it would be appreciated. As you can imagine, this newsletter takes up ~half my week & I’d like to continue it as a service to the community.
And please forward this to interested parties. There’s a finder’s fee for anyone who helps me find new partners for continuing to do this free public education work.
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Best Of Cannabinoid Science...
Once again, an analysis of 97 CBD products found the majority to be inaccurately labeled
Cannabinoid Content and Label Accuracy of Various Hemp-Derived Haircare, Cosmetic, and Edible Products Available at Retail Stores and Online in the United States
https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/can.2024.0039
Clinical
In children with autism, 6 months of CBD-rich cannabis reduced repetitive behaviors, overall anxiety & some anxiety subtypes (general, social, panic & separation anxieties)
Effects of Medical Cannabis Treatment for Autistic Children on Anxiety and Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors and Interests: An Open-Label Study
https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/can.2024.0001
And this study showed cannabis oil improved aggressive behavior, anxiety as well as coping with change & when combined with concomitant treatment, a significant improvement in sleep quality
Medical cannabis for children with autistic spectrum disorder: is there a difference between those treated with cannabis as monotherapy vs those treated with cannabis and concomitant conventional medications?
https://bmjpaedsopen.bmj.com/content/8/Suppl_6/A5.2.abstract
And relatedly, in a mouse model of autism (induced during pregnancy via stress & a toxin), a broad-spectrum CBD oil given during pregnancy improved their three core autism symptoms of social communication, repetitive behavior & social interaction
Prenatal broad-spectrum cannabidiol administration prevents an autism-like phenotype in male offspring from a maternal stress/terbutaline rat model
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666354624001066
In people quitting injectable opioids, cannabis helped to reduce cravings & anxiety
“Smoking weed it gets you over the hump”: Cannabis co-use as a facilitator of decreased opioid use among people who inject drugs in Los Angeles, California
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772724624000416
But in this unique study from a sober living house, cannabis was not found to be a good alcohol substitute because past six-month cannabis use was related to significantly higher odds of alcohol use, more drinking days, more alcohol problems & more drug use & problems
Cannabis use and alcohol and drug outcomes in a longitudinal sample of sober living house residents in California
https://www.jsatjournal.com/article/S2949-8759(24)00166-8/abstract
In people with tuberous sclerosis (a genetic disease of widespread non-cancerous tumor growth, often with seizures), 3 years of CBD treatment led to the reduction of convulsive, focal & total seizures
Long-term efficacy and safety of cannabidiol in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex: 3-year results from the cannabidiol expanded access program
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39088193/
“After starting CBD, 46%-79% of patients had at least 50% reduction and 26%-65% had at least 75% reduction in the number of seizures per month; up to 13% had no seizures through 144 weeks. Safety results were similar to prior studies; sleepiness and diarrhea were common treatment-related side effects.”
In humans, a CBD topical improved wound healing
A SUCTION BLISTER MODEL TO CHARACTERIZE EPIDERMAL WOUND HEALING AND EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF THE TOPICAL WOUND HEALING AGENT INM-755 IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0928098724001799
In this fascinating clinical study of pharmacokinetics, how various levels of CBD alter the effects of THC
Cannabidiol Increases Psychotropic Effects and Plasma Concentrations of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Without Improving Its Analgesic Properties
https://ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/cpt.3381
With 9 mg of THC,
- 450 mg of CBD increased the psychomotor & mental effects of THC while 10 mg or 30 mg of CBD did not significantly change THC’s effects
- At no dose did CBD increase the painkilling effects of THC
- 450 mg & 30 mg of CBD increased the blood levels of THC & 11-OH-THC (a breakdown product of THC)
Relatedly, here’s a mouse study of how the cannabinoids & terpenes distribute themselves over 90 minutes
Cannabis sativa essential oils orally administered to CD1 mice: Tissue distribution of main constituents
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0367326X24003307
For exercise, these interviews of 30 people reported physical & mental perceived benefits on performance & recovery
Experiences and Perceptions of Cannabis Use: A Mixed Methods Study
https://imjtm.org/index.php/IMJTM/article/view/14
In brain connectivity scans of chronic cannabis users, there were few significant differences in 10 different brain modules except for a higher network segregation & strength in a right subcortical module
Chronic cannabis use associated with subcortical topological reorganization of structural connectivity in adults
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0376871624003284
Undoubtedly, that is the cool kid subcortical module.
In a small study of children exposed to CBD, they had improved lung function after five years but this had disappeared by 10 years
Childhood exposure to cannabidiol and lung function: A pilot study
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39056509/
In people who do not feel physical pain, this rare occurrence seemed to be related to anandamide levels
Data-driven dynamic profiles of tonic heat pain perception in pain-free volunteers are associated with differences in anandamide levels
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-67401-2
This relates to Jo Cameron (the UK woman who famously feels no pain), who has a unique knockout mutation in her FAAH enzyme (which breaks down anandamide).
Harms
For heart health in recreational cannabis users, a review of 17 cohort studies found “cannabis use was associated with 55%-increased risk of atrial arrhythmias” (irregular heartbeats)
Association of Recreational Cannabis Use and Atrial Arrhythmias: A Meta-Analysis of Large Observational Studies
https://www.heartlungcirc.org/article/S1443-9506(24)01293-9/fulltext
#SUICIDE
In regular THC users, the dosage appeared to be the link between suicidal thoughts/behaviors & dysregulation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA (hormonal)) axis
Prediction of suicidal thoughts and behaviors based on the diurnal cortisol pattern and THC dosage in continued cannabis users, a 5 year population-based matched cohort study
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165178124003767
And in Argentinian adolescents, cannabis use was associated with a heightened risk of suicide attempts
Suicide Attempt and Its Correlates Among School-Going Argentinian Adolescents with Suicidal Thoughts: Insights from a National Survey
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12310-024-09696-0
While in observational data, the initiation of medical cannabis by patients reduced suicidal ideation after 3 months & a “substantial reduction” in depressed mood at 12 months
Suicidal Ideation in Medicinal Cannabis Patients: A 12-Month Prospective Study
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13811118.2024.2356615
From public health data, cannabis use disorder linked to an increased risk of coronary artery disease
Cannabis Use Disorder And The Risk Of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases
https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1161/atvb.44.suppl_1.3117
A case report of a cannabis user who developed atrial fibrillation (chaotic irregular heartbeat in the upper chambers)
Atrial Fibrillation Following Cannabis Use: A Case Report Highlighting the Potential Cardiovascular Effects
https://journals.lww.com/ircf/fulltext/2024/07000/atrial_fibrillation_following_cannabis_use__a_case.9.aspx
And a case report of cannabis leading to pancreatisis
A Rare Case of Acute Pancreatitis Secondary to Marijuana Use: A Case Report
https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/case_report/pdf/232946/20240830-250662-v0wper.pdf
And a case report of synthetic cannabinoid use leading to chest pain, heart damage & pericarditis (irritated swelling of the sac around the heart)
Life-threatening constrictive pericarditis accompanied by synthetic cannabinoid use: A case report and literature review
https://journals.lww.com/joad/fulltext/2024/13030/life_threatening_constrictive_pericarditis.6.aspx?context=latestarticles
A case report of a 6-year-old with vomiting & a severe headache from accidental cannabis exposure
Accidental cannabis intoxication with an unexpected outcome
https://seup.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Emerg_Pediatr_32_ENG.pdf#page=22
The family was mystified how this could have occurred. But it turns out that the mother works in a hotel & she took a bag of cookies that was left by a guest. You can imagine the rest.
In a survey of adult with respiratory problems, secondhand cannabis smoke exposure was linked to more frequent respiratory symptoms,
Secondhand cannabis smoke exposure and respiratory symptoms among adults living in a state with legalized medical cannabis with limited smoke-free protections
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221133552400250X
For preventing problematic cannabis use, a meta-analysis of prevention strategies
A Review of Meta-Analyses of Prevention Strategies for Problematic Cannabis Use
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40429-024-00592-w
And for the co-use of tobacco & cannabis, a review of treatments
Urgent need for treatment addressing co-use of tobacco and cannabis: An updated review and considerations for future interventions
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460324001679
In people with synthetic cannabinoid dependence, they had more impulsivity & self-harm behaviors
Impulsivity and self-harm behavior in patients with synthetic cannabinoids dependence
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10550887.2024.2375462
Reviews
For Parkinson's disease, a review of using THC & CBD
Current options for cannabinoids in the treatment of Parkinson's disease
https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/52922
For autism in children & adolescents, a review of cannabinoids for alleviating the core symptoms
Cannabinoids as alleviating treatment for core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder in children and adolescents: a systematic review
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08039488.2024.2381541
And a Brazilian meta-analysis of CBD’s efficacy for the self-harm, hyperactivity & sleep problems of autism
Eficácia do canabidiol no tratamento do Transtorno do Espectro Autista: uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise
https://ojs.brazilianjournals.com.br/ojs/index.php/BJHR/article/view/71454
For schizophrenia, a review of treatment with CBD
Investigating Cannabidiol's potential as a supplementary treatment for schizophrenia: A narrative review
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0014299924005107
For inflammatory bowel disease, a review of using cannabinoids
Cannabinoids for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Scoping Review
https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/can.2024.0061
For Tourette syndrome, a review of potentially using cannabinoids because all the other treatment options suck
An update on the pharmacological management of Tourette syndrome and emerging treatment paradigms
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14737175.2024.2382463
For acne, a review of treatment with cannabinoids
Treatment Advances for Acne Vulgaris: The Scientific Role of Cannabinoids
https://www.e-helvetica.nb.admin.ch/api/download/urn%3Anbn%3Ach%3Abel-5246321%3Acosmetics-11-00022.pdf/cosmetics-11-00022.pdf
For melanomas, a review of using cannabinoids (2 good charts!)
Melanoma and cannabinoids: A possible chance for cancer treatment
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/exd.15144
And a study on combining CBD with photodynamic therapy for treating melanomas
Combinatorial approach of cannabidiol and active-targeted-mediated photodynamic therapy in malignant melanoma treatment
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jbio.202400191
A review of how exercise might be helping cancer patients by activating their endocannabinoid system
Investigating endocannabinoid system and subjective responses to exercise in cancer patients: Rationale and future research directions
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/382337400_Investigating_endocannabinoid_system_and_subjective_responses_to_exercise_in_cancer_patients_Rationale_and_future_research_directions
For Dravet syndrome (rare childhood epilepsy), a review of studies on the use of CBD
Advances in treatment with Cannabidiol in Dravet Syndrome
https://www.afjbs.com/uploads/paper/4c68d002a7970600ab8d68526494b062.pdf
How cannabinoids regulate learning by interacting with the monoaminergic neurotransmitters (dopamine, norepinephrine & serotonin)
Cannabinoids and monoaminergic system: implications for learning and memory
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2024.1425532/full
Preclinical
In a rat model of Alzheimer's disease, THC lessened spatial memory impairments
Delta9‑tetrahydrocannabinol protects from spatial memory impairments in a streptozotocin‑induced inflammation model of Alzheimer’s disease in rats
https://repozytorium.bg.ug.edu.pl/info/report/UOG335f8a0a968e4bafa7ac67c782fc4a8d/
In a rat model of lung injury from a heart attack, CBD lowered oxidative stress & inflammatory markers as well as normalizing all the signals of harm
The prophylactic and therapeutic effects of cannabidiol on lung injury secondary to cardiac ischemia model in rats via PERK/NRF2/CHOP/BCL2 pathway
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08923973.2024.2384904
In a rat model of diabetes, CBD lowered oxidative stress in the brain
CANNABIDIOL OIL ATTENUATES OXIDATIVE STRESS IN THE BRAIN OF STZ-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
https://openurl.ebsco.com/EPDB%3Agcd%3A13%3A20458525/detailv2?sid=ebsco%3Aplink%3Ascholar&id=ebsco%3Agcd%3A178450055&crl=c
In neonatal rats with loss of blood flow to the brain, CBD acted as a neuroprotectant
Effect of cannabidiol as a neuroprotective agent on neurodevelopmental impairment in rats with neonatal hypoxia
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0387760424000974
In the drug-resistant bacteria Enterococcus faecalis, CBD showed “remarkable efficacy” in treatment as well as inhibiting growth
Cannabidiol Demonstrates Remarkable Efficacy in Treating Multidrug-Resistant Enterococcus Faecalis Infections In Vitro and In Vivo
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/382566380_Cannabidiol_Demonstrates_Remarkable_Efficacy_in_Treating_Multidrug-Resistant_Enterococcus_Faecalis_Infections_In_Vitro_and_In_Vivo
An analysis of cannabis tea found that it contained cannabinoids but not terpenes
Medicinal cannabis tea contains variable doses of cannabinoids and no terpenes
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39044312/
the Headlines & Fav Articles
Rhode Island to open the first state-sanctioned safe drug consumption site (aka overdose prevention center (OPCs))
https://www.marijuanamoment.net/first-state-sanctioned-safe-drug-consumption-site-in-the-u-s-on-track-to-open-this-fall-in-rhode-island/
While OnPointNYC opened the first two sites in the US in NYC, they were only sanctioned by the city & not by the state. So kudos to Rhode Island to be the first state with a heart.
There’s not many things that I know to be true in the world – but that OPCs are vital for public health is one of them.
According to a poll, Biden’s mass cannabis pardons are the most popular presidential pardons in US history
https://www.marijuanamoment.net/bidens-marijuana-clemency-action-is-most-popular-of-all-presidential-pardons-in-u-s-history-poll-finds
That’s nice, but I think what this really shows is that stoners love voting on shit like this.
On cannabis in the election, this op-ed says, “Simply put—no one cares but us” (Adam Terry of Cantrip)
https://www.marijuanamoment.net/no-cannabis-wont-come-up-in-the-presidential-debates-nor-will-it-decide-the-election-op-ed
Yay: Home Depot to stop cannabis testing & to limit drug screenings for most employees
https://www.marijuanamoment.net/home-depot-will-stop-testing-workers-for-marijuana-and-limit-drug-screening-for-most-employees-internal-memo-shows
Boo: In Tennessee, the Supreme Court ruled that an alert from a drug-detecting dog can be probable cause for a search even though the dog cannot differentiate between legal hemp & illegal cannabis
https://www.tncourts.gov/press/2024/08/27/tennessee-supreme-court-clarifies-probable-cause-search-case-drug-detecting-dog
At Burning Man, the shockingly strict enforcement of drug laws in a cannabis-legal state
https://www.sfgate.com/cannabis/article/burning-man-drug-arrests-19717332.php
My story from there is hanging out with a camp member who was due to get married the next day. While we were wandering around, two girls started walking around with us. When mushrooms were mentioned, they said they wanted some & then they hung out with us for hours before we went back to camp. But the second that the groom-to-be & the camp cook broke out the baggie, one girl went outside & blew a whistle. Within 30 seconds, the entire camp was filled to the brim with aggressive cops & flashing lights. The groom spent the night in jail, never got back into the festival & spent months dealing with the legal mess. The camp, who was primarily made up of hippies living on an East Coast commune & who had little contact with the outside world, were thoroughly traumatized for the rest of the week. That’s how I learned the rule of the playa: if someone asks for psychoactives, they’re a narc.
Oh the humanity: In NYC, Mayor Adams holds a big press conference to destroy 4 tons of illegal cannabis products (the embedded video with that NYC song is pretty great though)
https://www.nyc.gov/office-of-the-mayor/news/662-24/mayor-adams-destroys-four-tons-seized-cannabis-product-operation-padlock-protect-shuts#/0
Of course, this makes one remember the legend that Simon & Garfunkel’s ‘The 59th Street Bridge Song (Feelin' Groovy)’ came about because the NYPD burned their confiscated cannabis in an incinerator located under the 59th St Bridge & that hippies knew to gather there on certain days of the week for a free whiff.
I’ve had cannabis researchers tell me that this certainly never happened. And I’ve had old heads tell me that they remember doing it in the ‘70s.
In Colorado, a report on the first 10 years of legal cannabis shows $27M generated & distributed to affordable housing, education & homelessness services
https://www.marijuanamoment.net/denver-officials-highlight-how-marijuana-tax-revenue-has-supported-public-services-over-the-first-10-years-of-legal-sales
In New Jersey, the counties that legalize cannabis saw a 2.7% increase in home prices, equal to ~10k more for the average home sale
High stakes: a quantitative analysis of local cannabis policies and residential property sale prices in New Jersey
https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/72316/
And in Oklahoma's rural counties with cannabis facilities, a thesis project found generally positive community opinion & an increase in property values in high-poverty counties
Perceptions and Property Values: The Impacts of Medical Marijuana on Rural Oklahoma
https://www.proquest.com/openview/c66a8819bf2e5a5696cbad8e74b4a7a2/1
A thesis project on women breaking the ‘grass ceiling’ in the cannabis industry
Shattering the Status Quo: Women in Cannabis Entrepreneurship
https://www.proquest.com/openview/eda19f34ef240b6ee7cdd906ed579279/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
And another on the Queer & trans Chicanx who helped make these cannabis spaces possible
Cannabis Spaces, Relationships, and Relajos: Queer and Trans Chicanx Feminisms Grounding Cannabis Histories and Futures
https://www.proquest.com/openview/663859ae5aad978d5d7515ec29a5852c/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
And a thesis project on stigma in the cannabis industry including 23 interviews
Smoke & Mirrors: Exploring Stigma in the Cannabis Industry
https://www.proquest.com/openview/8a6bf80fa05442007fe1c76e733576f3/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
International
In Australia, two cases of opioid toxicity from THC vape pens
Protonitazene detection in two cases of opioid toxicity following the use of tetrahydrocannabinol vape products in Australia
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15563650.2024.2383692
A history of the Dutch cannabis policy since 1994
Tolerating imperfection
https://studenttheses.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/20.500.12932/46884/Tolerating%20Imperfection%20-%20Pieter%20van%20Strien%20-%206384234.pdf?sequence=1
Among Nepali youth, a craze for hemp bags (hattip to Sameer Baiju)
https://kathmandupost.com/money/2023/07/08/hemp-bag-craze-spreads-among-nepali-youths
In India, a review of their first laws around cannabis & its current status
Journey of Marijuana From “Folk Tales” to “Doors of Justice”: A Comprehensive Review
https://www.proquest.com/openview/2101f6e15d46076494469a5f9636572a/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=2045583
The Laws, The War on Drugs & the End of Prohibition
In Colorado & Washington, legalization did not decrease the Black-White jail incarceration disparity
Pipe dreams: Cannabis legalization and the persistence of racial disparities in jail incarceration
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047235224000795
How fishing boats bring drugs into the US
An Empirical Assessment of Drug Trafficking Trends from Latin America into the United States: The Role of Fishing Vessels
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01639625.2024.2380729
This article asks should home cultivation be a part of the legal framework? And the answer to that question is indubitably yes, though this paper is good about pointing out the public health negatives around that
Should cannabis self-cultivation be part of a public health‒oriented legalization policy framework?
https://link.springer.com/article/10.17269/s41997-024-00914-5
I believe that the absolutely most important law to include in a legalization plan, besides freeing the prisoners & expunging records, is the right to grow your own cannabis. Something so simple should never be locked up in state-run monopolies. It’s bad for everybody, but especially the patients.
On the effects of cannabis legalization on crime, a thorough literature review found mixed effects
Primary crime-related outcome indicators associated with recreational cannabis legalization: a comprehensive literature and data review
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10611-024-10160-y
“The data reviewed suggest that cannabis-related crimes and enforcement have substantially decreased, yet arbitrary (e.g., racialized) enforcement patterns – involving both adults and youths – commonly persist in legalization settings; evidence for ecological effects on other (e.g., property, violent) crimes is mixed. The prevalence of cannabis-impaired driving does appear to be steady or decreasing, while levels of cannabis involved in motor-vehicle-crashes, and overall motor-vehicle-crash fatality levels appear to have increased. In North American legalization settings, the legal sourcing of cannabis has gradually increased to involve 50–70% or more of consumers alongside expanding legal retail market proliferation, while found to be influenced by multiple factors (e.g., product characteristics, price, use intensity).”
From interviews of car crash survivors, cannabis use alone was not associated with an elevated crash risk but it was when combined with alcohol
Risk of motor vehicle collision with cannabis and alcohol use among patients presenting for emergency care
https://www.texasimpaireddrivingtaskforce.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Risk-of-Motor-Vehicle-Collision-with-Cannabis-and-Alcohol-Use_-Article-Review.pdf
In North Carolina, a lethal hit & run from 1989 was just solved because of a 34-year-old joint found at the scene
https://www.charlotteobserver.com/news/local/article291396970.html
Psychedelics, Plant Medicines & Other Psychoactives
On ibogaine for addiction &reporting on a death at a Beond clinic where the writer Mattha Busby met the person before they died
https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-features/ibogaine-pychedelic-benefits-dangers-death-1235079364/
On the possibility that Britain’s early LSD funding actually came from the military or secret services
https://psychedelicpress.substack.com/p/follow-the-lsd
Great article with a series of interviews of ketamine dealers & how they fall into the “luxury trap” of dealing
Bristol’s ketamine dealers: trapped in luxury
https://thebristolcable.org/2018/12/bristols-ketamine-dealers-trapped-in-luxury/
This is from 2018, but it’s well-researched, humane & still relevant.
The Psychoactive Research
How low doses of LSD alters the response to emotional facial expressions
Low-Dose LSD Alters Early and Late Event-Related Potentials to Emotional Faces
https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/psymed.2024.0005
A comparison of MDMA’s different chiralities (molecular handedness)
Acute effects of R-MDMA, S-MDMA, and racemic MDMA in a randomized double-blind cross-over trial in healthy participants
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39179638/
For addiction, a review of the medicalization of psychedelics as a treatment
Current Perspectives on the Clinical Research and Medicalization of Psychedelic Drugs for Addiction Treatments: Safety, Efficacy, Limitations and Challenges
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40263-024-01101-3
A review of psychedelics, the microbiome & the gut-brain axis
Mind over matter: the microbial mindscapes of psychedelics and the gut-brain axis
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661824002834
A theory of how psychedelics can implant false beliefs
An Integrated theory of false insights and beliefs under psychedelics
https://www.nature.com/articles/s44271-024-00120-6#:~:text=We%20propose%20that%20subjective%20and,harmful%20beliefs%20arising%20from%20psychedelics.
The Plant & the History
A history of Sweden’s hemp industry between 1600 & 1850
Naval Stores
https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1865263/FULLTEXT01.pdf
Growing, Farming & Processing
For the smell of cannabis, a deep dive into the many molecules involved & the ability to use these molecular fingerprints as a marker of quality
Chemical profiling and clustering of various dried cannabis flowers revealed by volatilomics and chemometric processing
https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4641078/v1_covered_f8950315-e9b8-456e-a5a4-3b0b2b4f00c3.pdf?c=1721742366
A protocol for optimized cannabis production
Optimizing cannabis cultivation: an efficient in vitro system for flowering induction
https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-4669256/v1
A review of different fertilizer regimes for cannabis
Hemp (Cannabis salvia L.) Cultivation: Chemical Fertilizers or Organic Technologies, a Comprehensive Review
https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3129/5/3/42
For treatment by cytokinins (a plant growth hormone), the genetic transcription response in the leaves of cannabis
Transcriptomic analysis of the cytokinin response in industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) leaves
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13562-024-00907-y
A thesis project on the effects of light spectrum on the characteristics of cannabis
Light Spectrum Influences Morphological and Chemical Characteristics in Cannabis sativa L.
https://www.proquest.com/openview/68e334babd38398e57165359df0f5269/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
In Central Texas, how to grow hemp for fiber
Agronomic Considerations for Growing Fiber Hemp in Central Texas
https://oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/bitstream/handle/1969.1/201951/Fiberhempoutreach.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
And in Thailand, an analysis of how hemp is being produced
Enhancement of farmers’ hemp production potentials in Northern Thailand
http://cmuir.cmu.ac.th/handle/6653943832/79868
An analysis of hemp’s drought adaptations
Genotype-specific morphophysiological adaptations and proline accumulation uncover drought adaptation complexity in hemp (Cannabis sativa and Cannabis indica)
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-physiology/articles/10.3389/fphgy.2024.1441262/abstract
When cannabis pulls cadmium from the soil, a study of where it gets stored
Accumulation and Histochemical Localization of Cadmium in Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Leaf and Root Tissue
https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/59/8/article-p1150.xml
When cannabis grows in soil contaminated with lead or cadmium, using plasma activated water to protect it from the negative changes
Study of plasma activated water effect on heavy metal bioaccumulation by Cannabis sativa Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651324008832
Spectroscopy for evaluating the levels of inorganic & organic elements in cannabis
Spectroscopic evaluation of contents present in a therapeutic plant: Cannabis sativa
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12596-024-02039-x
Hemp cultivar “Felina 32”: a biomass analysis from Lithuania
Biomass Analysis of Industrial Hemp “Felina 32” and the Influence of Plant Height on its Quality
https://ojs.bioresources.com/index.php/BRJ/article/view/23607
Genetic analysis of the production of cellulose
Genome-wide analysis of cellulose synthase (CesA) and cellulose synthase-like (Csl) proteins in Cannabis sativa L
https://peerj.com/articles/17821/
And a genetic study of the UGT gene family
Genome-wide study of UDP-glycosyltransferases gene family in Cannabis sativa
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13205-024-04025-3
On using robots for hemp cultivation
Robotics in Modern Agriculture Applications Implemented by Inwebit in Cooperation with Scientific and Research Institutions - Robotisation of Hemp Growth and Apple Harvesting
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10604416
Food & Nutrition
A review of hemp as a feed & food
Hemp-based products as functional and sustainable ingredient for feed and food applications
https://air.unimi.it/handle/2434/1079908
On hemp flakes as a food
CBD oil by-product (Hemp flakes): Evaluation for nutritional composition, heavy metals and functionality as a food ingredient
https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(24)11217-0
A review of feeding hemp to sheep
Possibilities of using hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) and its by- products in sheep nutrition – A review
https://intapi.sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/aoas-2024-0065
And the effects of feeding hemp to laying hens
Effects of dietary local hemp seed meal as soybean meal alternative on productive performance, egg quality and yolk fatty acid composition of laying hens
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1745039X.2024.2373485
And broiler chickens
Dietary supplementation of Cannabis sativa residues in broiler chickens affects performance, carcass characteristics, intestinal morphology, blood biochemistry profile and oxidative stability
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579124006965
And a thesis project on feeding hemp to broiler chickens
The effect of feeding spent hemp biomass on feet parameters and prevalence of bumblefoot in broiler chickens
https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/honors_college_theses/p2677400f?locale=en
Industrial Use
On improving a diesel engine fuel blend with hemp seed oil
Investigation of the effects of hemp seed oil/diesel/cetane improver fuel blends on diesel engine responses
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15567036.2024.2383848
On hemp as a brake friction material
Influence of alkali pre-treatments on the physio-mechanical, tribological and thermal performance of hemp fibre reinforced phenolic brake friction material
https://www.inderscienceonline.com/doi/abs/10.1504/IJMATEI.2024.140195
Creating concrete from hemp & recycled waste glass
Combined recycled waste glass and hemp as aggregate replacement in geopolymer concrete
https://eprints.qut.edu.au/250820/
A review of hemp fiber production
Hemp: From Field to Fiber—A Review
https://www.e-helvetica.nb.admin.ch/api/download/urn%3Anbn%3Ach%3Abel-5318519%3Atextiles-04-00011-v2.pdf/textiles-04-00011-v2.pdf
CANNABINOID SCIENCE
Public Health
Opioid overdose death rates not changed by legality of cannabis supplies (or by stricter opioid prescribing policies)
The role of prescription opioid and cannabis supply policies on opioid overdose deaths
https://academic.oup.com/aje/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/aje/kwae210/7716347?redirectedFrom=fulltext
In Germany, a survey found that only one in 15 cannabis users have spoken to their doctor about their cannabis consumption
What proportion of cannabis users in Germany have spoken with their general practitioner about their consumption? A repeated cross-sectional representative population survey
https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4654892/v1/4a1b955b-da6d-4ab1-b7dc-d47bbe931a65.pdf?c=1721713621
In Appalachian adults, “medical cannabis should be considered an alternative treatment for patients who suffer from anxiety, depression, insomnia, or chronic pain”
Medical Cannabis Use and Quality of Life Among Appalachian Adults
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1555415524002265
Michigan’s legalization was associated with an immediate jump in emergency room visits for acute cannabis intoxication
The impact of recreational cannabis legalization on ED visit rates for acute cannabis intoxication
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0735675724003607
Public health data on people's associations between cannabis consumption methods & their risks
Associations between Cannabis Consumption Methods and Cannabis Risk Perception
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/21/8/986
A twin study of the association between cannabis use & regular tobacco use
A Bivariate Twin Study of Lifetime cannabis Initiation and Lifetime Regular Tobacco Smoking Across Three Different Countries
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10519-024-10190-1
People had a higher risk of HPV infection if they smoked cigarettes, used e-cigarettes or ingested cannabis
Association of electronic-cigarette, number of cigarettes, and marijuana use with high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) among men and women: A cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative sample
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1047279724001686
Bisexual women were the most likely to be co-vaping cannabis & nicotine
Co-Vaping of Nicotine and Cannabis by Sexual Identity Among US Adults: Results From the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0749379724002538
A review of how the subjective effects of cannabis are influenced by contextual factors
Contextual factors associated with subjective effects of cannabis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
https://research.edgehill.ac.uk/en/publications/contextual-factors-associated-with-subjective-effects-of-cannabis
Analysis of cannabis edible packaging in the US
A content analysis of cannabis edibles package marketing in the United States
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0955395924002111
And a study of the influence of visual cues on consumer behavior
Branding in a Budding Industry: The Influence of Visual Cues on Consumer Behavior in the Cannabis Market
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15551393.2024.2382068
In a survey of healthcare professionals from Europe to Oceania, there was a high level of interest in cannabis-based products & confidence in their use
The attitudes, knowledge and confidence of healthcare professionals about cannabis-based products
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s42238-024-00242-y
The American College of physicians released a rather tepid position paper on a regulatory framework for cannabis recommending decriminalization & more studies
Regulatory Framework for Cannabis: A Position Paper From the American College of Physicians
https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/full/10.7326/M24-0638?journalCode=aim
Blockchain for cannabis!
Exploring the potential impact of blockchain technologies in Health Canada's cannabis supply chain
https://www.inderscienceonline.com/doi/abs/10.1504/IJBC.2024.140163
What is it, 2021 around here?
Adolescents & Young Adults
In South African adolescents, decriminalization saw an increased prevalence of cannabis use in those admitted to the hospital with a mental illness
Cannabis use among hospitalised adolescents before and after decriminalisation in South Africa
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39114753/
For young adult cannabis patients, a public health study of their demographics & conditions
Medical Cannabis Patients Under the Age of 21 in the United States: Description of Demographics and Conditions from a Large Patient Database, 2019-2023
https://www.dovepress.com/article/download/94452
For US college students, a review of interventions for harmful cannabis use
A Scoping Review of Interventions for U.S. College Students’ Harmful Cannabis Use and a Call for a College Cannabis Intervention Matrix
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/382491393_A_Scoping_Review_of_Interventions_for_US_College_Students'_Harmful_Cannabis_Use_and_a_Call_for_a_College_Cannabis_Intervention_Matrix
In a survey of college students, more emotional dysregulation & less distress tolerance predicted more cannabis problems & fewer behaviors used to mitigate cannabis related problems
The relations of difficulties in emotion regulation and distress intolerance with cannabis problems: The role of protective behavioral strategies underutilization
https://www.jsatjournal.com/article/S2949-8759(24)00174-7/abstract
In adolescents, “THC exposure induced long-lasting anxiety- and depressive-like phenotypes” as well as abnormalities in the nucleus accumbens (a brain region related to addiction, motivation & reward)
The Impacts of Adolescent Cannabinoid Exposure on Striatal Anxiety- and Depressive-Like Pathophysiology Are Prevented by the Antioxidant N-Acetylcysteine
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667174324000740
In young adults, cannabis vaping occurred the most on days when they drank moderately & went to bars or parties
Day-level correlates of nicotine and cannabis vaping among young adults in the United States
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460324001680
In adolescents, “cannabis use was not associated with future physical violence perpetration” & more self-control was linked to less tobacco & cannabis use
Disentangling the effects of self-control and the use of tobacco and cannabis on violence perpetration from childhood to early adulthood
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00787-024-02536-1
In adolescents, tobacco & e-cigarette use was linked to a higher chance of starting cannabis
Longitudinal associations of e-cigarette use with cigarette, marijuana, and other drug use initiation among US adolescents and young adults: Findings from the population assessment of tobacco and health study (Waves 1–6)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0376871624003259
A predictor of adolescent cannabis or alcohol use is a later bedtime in childhood & shorter sleeps
Childhood sleep is prospectively associated with adolescent alcohol and marijuana use
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1047279724001674
The Brain & Neurological Disorders
For brain injuries, a review of the benefits of targeting both the endocannabinoid system & the aquaporin 4 water channel
Aquaporin 4 and the endocannabinoid system: a potential therapeutic target in brain injury
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00221-024-06896-7
For epilepsy, how CBD helps via targeting of a glutamate receptor (the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain)
Multifaceted targets of cannabidiol in epilepsy: Modulating glutamate signaling and beyond
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0010482524009831
For cerebral palsy, a review found no studies on the use of medical cannabis
The use of medicinal marijuana for treating Cerebral Palsy: a literature review
https://f1000research.com/articles/13-825
Which is odd because in my files, I have this review that found 4 studies on how it helped children's cerebral palsy & another one on the benefits of CBD.
A review of cannabinoids & Nrf2 (a transcription factor related to the response to stress, especially in the brain)
The Effect of Phytocannabinoids and Endocannabinoids on Nrf2 Activity in the Central Nervous System and Periphery
https://www.mdpi.com/2035-8377/16/4/57
In a mouse model of stroke, exercise improved neuronal function via CB2 receptors & P2Y12 expression on the microglia (guardian immune cells of the brain)
Physical Exercise Improves the Neuronal Function in Ischemic Stroke Via Microglial CB2R/P2Y12 Signaling
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12035-024-04391-2
In a mouse model of postoperative cognitive dysfunction, oleamide caused overexpression of the Foxq1 gene & a substantial lowering of inflammation & cognitive dysfunction via the CB2 receptor
Foxq1 activates CB2R with oleamide to alleviate POCD
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39046224/
In a thesis project with a mouse model of anxiety, the fatty acid binding protein 5 (an endocannabinoid transporter molecule) modulated anxiety behaviors & synaptic function in serotonin neurons of the dorsal raphe nucleus (a key center of serotonin signaling)
Fatty Acid Binding Protein 5 Controls Anxiety-Like Behaviors and Synaptic Function in Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Serotonin Neurons
https://www.proquest.com/openview/7de075bf5ec602a0272cd1decbef6e6b/1
In mice that don't have the soluble epoxide hydrolase enzyme, they had depressive behaviors & lower levels of 2AG in their olfactory bulb
Mice deficient in the phosphatase activity of sEH show decreased levels of the endocannabinoid 2-AG in the olfactory bulb and depressive-like behavior
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39034140/
Mental Health & Substance Use Disorders
In people with a depressed mood as well as anhedonia (lack of joy), there was a complex relationship with cannabis use but in weekly models, cannabis use was associated with a more depressed mood but less anhedonia
From mood to use: Using ecological momentary assessments to examine how anhedonia and depressed mood impact cannabis use in a depressed sample
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165178124003950
In people with alcohol use disorder, among the lipids studied, the levels of PEA were a predictor for alcohol craving
The Predictive Value of Plasma Bioactive Lipids on Craving in Human Volunteers With Alcohol Use Disorder
https://www.bpsgos.org/article/S2667-1743(24)00081-8/fulltext
A thesis project on using AI to detect cannabis intoxication from photos of faces
Enhancing Marijuana Intoxication Detection by Using Deep Learning-Based Architecture and Image Augmentation
https://www.proquest.com/openview/aec5dd2c65304b7b9739f420cb6bf73d/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
Pain & Surgeries
In endoscopy procedures, the cannabis group required more propofol for sedation but they had no difference in recovery times
Effects of Cannabis Use on Sedation Requirements for Endoscopic Procedures
https://journals.lww.com/gastroenterologynursing/abstract/2024/07000/effects_of_cannabis_use_on_sedation_requirements.7.aspx
A thesis project on THC, pain, neural oscillations & attention
Exploring the Neural Oscillations at the Intersection of Pain, Tetrahydrocannabinol, and Attention: An EEG Study
https://www.proquest.com/openview/0407b5c7d2badfc7c895d1de0a3a145a/1
On the antioxidant & anti-bacterial effects of hemp essential oil
Exploring (Un)Covered Potentials of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Essential Oil and Hydrolate: From Chemical Characterization to Biological Activities
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1934578X241264712
On creating a biodegradable CBD for neuropathic pain
Biodegradable cannabidiol: a potential nanotherapeutic for neuropathic pain
https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/nipt-2024-0008/html
Guts & Metabolism
In overweight adults, 12 weeks of PEA modified certain microbiome pathways
Effect of Palmitoylethanolamide Compared to a Placebo on the Gut Microbiome and Biochemistry in an Overweight Adult Population: A Randomised, Placebo Controlled, Double-Blind Study
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/7/1620
In human oral stem cells, activating the CB1 receptor increased metabolic activity & promoted differentiation into fat cells while activating the CB2 receptor promoted cell proliferation & differentiation into bone-producing cells
Effects of cannabinoid receptor activation on Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide stimulation in human periodontal ligament stem cells in vitro
https://www.jpis.org/pdf/10.5051/jpis.2303680184
In mice with no CB1 receptors in their intestines, cannabinoids had different effects on glucose mechanisms (including the GLP1 that’s so sexy now because Ozempic)
Cannabinoids block fat-induced incretin release via CB1-dependent and CB1-independent pathways in intestinal epithelium
https://www.ghadvances.org/article/S2772-5723(24)00101-8/pdf
Immune System
In macrophages (a type of white blood cell), THC blocked their differentiation into certain subtypes & decreased the levels of reactive oxygen species
Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Blocks Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophage Differentiation through Elimination of Reactive Oxygen Species
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/13/8/887
Reproduction & Hormones
In a primate model of prenatal THC exposure, a genetic analysis found effects on muscle development, inflammation & cytokine signaling
Effects of in utero delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exposure on fetal and infant musculoskeletal development in a preclinical nonhuman primate model
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0306868
In mice with prenatal cannabis exposure, they had altered dopamine activity in their ventral tegmental area (a key midbrain reward pathway) though it didn’t alter their preference for cocaine
Oral pre- and early postnatal cannabis exposure disinhibits ventral tegmental area dopamine neuron activity but does not influence cocaine preference in offspring in mice
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39037062/
In developing African clawed frogs, CBD caused developmental abnormalities, hyperactivity, increased heart rates & underdevelopment
The Effects of CBD Extract on Developing Xenopus laevis
https://www.proquest.com/openview/28211dcc64a121a227c4194155e62bd3/1
The Heart
In public health data on people with arteriovenous malformation (abnormally connected arteries & veins), cannabis users showed a lower incidence of rupture than non-cannabis users as well as significantly lower hospital costs
ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF RECREATIONAL DRUG USE ON ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATION RUPTURE RISK AND HOSPITAL OUTCOMES
https://jnis.bmj.com/content/neurintsurg/16/Suppl_1/A52.2.full.pdf
In heart cells, beta-caryophyllene protected them from oxidative damage & a type of cell death known as ferroptosis
β-Caryophyllene Confers Cardioprotection by Scavenging Radicals and Blocking Ferroptosis
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03239
In a diabetic mouse model of heart attacks, blocking the CB1 receptor led to a recovery in cardiac function via the NF-kB signaling pathway
Cardioprotective effect of CB1 receptor antagonist AM251 against β receptor-stimulated myocardial infarction via modulation of NF-kB signaling pathway in diabetic mice
https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(24)11169-3
The Genitourinary System
In a mouse model of kidney scarring, activation of the CB2 receptor reduced fatty acid oxidation dysfunction, the deposit of lipids & the accumulation uremic toxins which reduced fibrosis (scarring)
Cannabinoid receptor 2 plays a key role in renal fibrosis through inhibiting lipid metabolism in renal tubular cells
https://www.metabolismjournal.com/article/S0026-0495(24)00205-1/fulltext
The Eyes
On the potential of treating corneal pain with topical cannabinoids & endocannabinoid modulators
Corneal Endocannabinoid System: A Promising Target for a New Class of Topical Corneal Pain Relief Medications
https://megajournalofcasereports.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/MJCR-77-2219.pdf
Cancer & Chemotherapy
A thesis project on how CBD suppressed cancer progression via modulations of tryptophan breakdown
The Tobacco Cembranoid (+)-β-Cembrenediol and the Phytocannabinoid (-)-Cannabidiol Suppress Cancer Progression and Recurrence via Modulating Tryptophan Catabolism
https://www.proquest.com/openview/4a326aa3b4384553f3ed92ca5cdec09d/1
Synthetic Cannabinoids
In exhaled breath, how to capture the two synthetic cannabinoids MDMB-4en-PINACA & ADB-4en-PINACA
Capture and analysis of MDMB-4en-PINACA and ADB-4en-PINACA in exhaled breath using functionalized cotton fiber: A novel approach to noninvasive drug abuse detection
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0026265X24013821
In mice, the effects of combining the synthetic cannabinoid AMB-FUBINACA with piperazine & the antipsychotic risperidone with a blocker of the CB1 receptor
The impact of piperazine and antipsychotic co-exposures and CB1 blockade on the effects elicited by AMB-FUBINACA, a synthetic cannabinoid, in mice
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014299924005338
The metabolism of 12 synthetic cannabinoids
Metabolic characteristic profiling of 1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl-derived indole and indazole synthetic cannabinoids in vitro
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0731708524004254
Cool Chemistry & Tools
When an adenosine receptor joins with a CB2 receptor to make a heteromer (joined receptor complexes with different functions than either receptor alone), an analysis of their allosterism (alternative binding pocket that regulate how other molecules bind to the main binding site)
Allosterism in the adenosine A2A and cannabinoid CB2 heteromer
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39044481/
I love this stuff. It’s one of the main reasons I’m writing my Moby Dick canna-graphic novels, so I can explain all of this using whale gay bars & zebrafish & back entrances.
On making new THC analogues
FeCl3 Catalyzed Synthesis of cis-Fused Reduced THC Analogues
https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ejoc.202400608
New drugs for activating the CB2 receptor
Synthesis, Identification, and Biological Evaluation of Orthosteric and Allosteric Ligands Targeting Cannabinoid CB2 Receptors
https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/46195/
Creating electrostatic potential maps of drugs that bind the CB1 receptor
Computational scrutiny of psychoactive cannabinoids through molecular electrostatic potential and CB1 receptor interaction
https://ojs.revistacontribuciones.com/ojs/index.php/clcs/article/view/9003
Thanks.
- lex
PS: Today’s gravely singer/songwriter is Blaze Foley & his album ‘Sittin' by the Road’. Known as the Duct Tape Messiah for his obsession with that adhesive, he died tragically at the age of 39, shot by the son of a friend in a dispute. He wasn’t always an easy man to be around & he had some weird habits, but in his spiritual home of Austin, Texas, he was revered by luminaries like his friend Townes Van Zandt, Merle Haggard & Lucinda Williams. Many of the bars in Austin wouldn’t let him play there anymore due to his drinking & much of his music & master tapes were lost in various tragic circumstances, but he left enough beloved material behind that he’s remembered as a hero of the genre of ‘outlaw country’ music, laid to rest in a coffin covered in duct tape.
You can read more about Blaze Foley in this Rolling Stone article about his biopic directed by Ethan Hawke.
This newsletter is the backbone of my work & I hope it brings you a measure of value. If so, please consider upgrading to a paid subscription & support my sharing all of the new cannabinoid science each week.
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